Rod Solidago (Goldenrod), as well as related species × Solidaster, It belongs to the large family astrovitých (Asteraceae). Only a few people need these plants pose. Everyone is familiar as nice, but invasive weeds, shining late summer flooding of small yellow flowers from the rubble and untreated surfaces. These are mainly gone wild North American Solidago canadensis (Solidago canadensis).
Most of the species Solidago among themselves readily crosses, But not all are as invasive as mentioned “weed” kind of. It is also proof, the gardens has for many years successfully cultivated hybrid goldenrod, known under the collective name Solidago-hybrids, whose creation involved several species (including S. canadensis).
Besides popular hybrids are grown several pure botanical species. Home goldenrod general (Solidago virgaurea) It is highly variable – grows up 20 when 80 cm, blooms from July to October. less known, but nice S. Caesia a S. rugosa with thinner inflorescence used in perennial groups. Solidago speciosa apply a higher perennial bed and excellently suited also to cut. S. gigantea blooming giant stalks over 2 m tall plants. Also of interest are S. rigid, S. sphacellata and other species.
Solidago rugosa 'Fireworks'
Intergeneric hybrid × Solidaster (Aster ptarmicoides × Solidago) has larger flowers citric lighter color, highly prized for cut. In comparison with goldenrod is more prone to mildew.
Most varieties of goldenrod blooms in late summer, varieties × Solidaster bloom a little earlier. In the period of flowering, however, between hybrid and botanical goldenrod significant difference. Some bloom in June, Most in August and September, Part of species and varieties in October. Considerable is also the height difference. Zatímco kompaktní odrůda 'Laurin' is only 25-30 cm high, odrůda 'Goldjunge' grow up to 150 cm, sometimes more.
On habitat conditions and treatment during vegetation are demanding goldenrod. They grow in almost any garden soil, varieties are better thrive in rich soil nutrients. They require full sun habitats, In wetter positions they are more susceptible to the fungus spread (in susceptibility to mildew are differences between varieties). Taller varieties can rozklesat, It is therefore preferable to disengagement. In autumn it is appropriate to delete overblown shoots, in order to prevent any vysemeňování (this applies especially in the botanical species).
Reproduction goldenrod is easy. Varieties are usually propagated vegetatively, The market, however, there are also good generative be multiplied varieties, which nevysemeňují and their offspring is balanced ('Goldkind'). Rapidly germinating seeds germinate in the light, Therefore it a humid. We are sown from late March to April. In addition to several varieties generative multiply all botanic species.
Of the methods of vegetative propagation is best for gardeners divide clumps in spring, in greater need of propagating material can also be used odtržky or cuttings. Appropriate term for cuttings from mid-May to June, We use top cuttings.
varieties × Solidaster only multiply vegetatively, in the same manner as goldenrod.
Goldenrod find their place in a group of perennial planting beds, less compact varieties can also be used in larger containers. The flowers are prized for cut, in weight last 5 when 8 days. Ideal term trim the stems occurs, when in open panicles 1/3 when 1/2 flowers. Inflorescence are also used for drying.
The article was published on the website of the Association Czech perenářů courtesy magazine Zahrádkář.